@article {24, title = {Characterization of the North American beaver (Castor canadensis) papillomavirus genome.}, journal = {Vet Microbiol}, volume = {168}, year = {2014}, month = {2014 Jan 10}, pages = {214-20}, abstract = {

The papillomaviruses comprise a large group of viruses that cause proliferations of the stratified squamous epithelium of skin and mucosa in a variety of animals. An earlier report identified a novel papillomavirus of the North American beaver, Castor canadensis (CcanPV1) that was associated with cutaneous exophytic lesions. In the current study, we determined the sequence of the complete 7435 basepair genome of CcanPV1. The genome contains an Upstream Regulatory Region located between the end of L1 and the start of E6, and seven canonical papillomavirus open reading frames encoding five early (E6, E7, E1, E2, and E4) and two late (L2 and L1) proteins. No E5 open reading frame was detected. Phylogenetic analysis of the CcanPV1 genome places the virus between the genera Kappapapillomavirus and Mupapillomavirus. Analyses of the papillomavirus genomes detected in different species of the order Rodentia indicate these viruses do not form a monophyletic clade.

}, keywords = {Animals, Genome, Viral, Molecular Sequence Data, Open Reading Frames, Papillomaviridae, Papillomavirus Infections, Phylogeny, Rodentia, United States}, issn = {1873-2542}, doi = {10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.11.011}, author = {Rogovskyy, Artem S and Chen, Zigui and Burk, Robert D and Bankhead, Troy} } @article {28, title = {Comparative morphological study on the stereo-structure of the lingual papillae and their connective tissue cores of the American beaver (Castor canadensis).}, journal = {Okajimas Folia Anat Jpn}, volume = {82}, year = {2006}, month = {2006 Feb}, pages = {127-37}, abstract = {

The lingual papillae and the connective tissue cores (CTC) of the American beaver were examined by light and scanning electron microscopy. The tongue of American beaver was about 9 cm in length, 3.5 cm in width, and has a lingual prominence. Four types of papillae (filiform, fungiform, vallate and foliate papillae) were observed. The filiform papillae can be classified into three types (filiform, large filiform and dorm-like papillae). Filiform papillae distributed on the anterior tongue and posterior of the lingual prominence consisted of a posterior thick main process and several small accessory processes. After removal of the epithelium, the CTCs of the filiform papillae had U-shaped, horseshoe-like primary cores with 10-15 rod-shaped small accessory cores. Large filiform papillae were distributed at the anterior margin of the lingual prominence. Dome-like papillae were distributed at the top of lingual prominence. Fungiform papillae were observed two types. Fungiform papillae, which were distributed at the anterior tongue, were round shaped. Fungiform papillae of the posterior of the lingual prominence were large and surrounded with a papillary groove. At the posterior of the tongue, three vallate papillae were arranged in a triangular pattern. Foliate papillae were on 22 to 25 parallel ridges and grooves.

}, keywords = {Animals, Connective Tissue, Epithelium, Feeding Behavior, Female, Male, Microscopy, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, Rodentia, Tongue}, issn = {0030-154X}, doi = {10.2535/ofaj.82.127}, author = {Shindo, Junji and Yoshimura, Ken and Kobayashi, Kan} } @article {29, title = {The chromosomes of the Canadian Beaver Castor canadensis.}, journal = {Can J Genet Cytol}, volume = {21}, year = {1979}, month = {1979 Mar}, pages = {37-42}, abstract = {

A chromosome analysis of 24 Canadian beavers, Castor canadensis Kuhl (12 males and 12 females), captured in Laurentides Park, Q{\'e}bec, has been performed from preparations of blood lymphocyte and skin cultures. The chromosome number was found to be 2n = 40. Measurements were made to determine relative lengths and arm ratios of chromosomes, which are metacentric or submetacentric. Results are in agreement with those already published regarding the chromosome number, but differ in the identification of the X chromosome, and in the morphology of the Y and some autosomes. C- ad G-banding techniques allowed the precise identification of individual chromosome pairs. A detailed idiogram of G-bands is presented.

}, keywords = {Animals, Chromosome Banding, Chromosomes, Female, Karyotyping, Male, Rodentia, Sex Chromosomes}, issn = {0008-4093}, doi = {10.1139/g79-006}, author = {Genest, F B and Morisset, P and Patenaude, R P} }